How to Build a DC Motor Car Under INR 10,000

Building a DC motor car under INR 10,000 is a fun and affordable project. First, you’ll need a DC motor, which will serve as the heart of your car. This motor can power your toy car, enabling it to move smoothly. In addition, you’ll need a battery pack to provide power and basic components such as wheels and a chassis. Furthermore, a simple controller will be necessary to construct an RC car.

Carefully choose and assemble these parts to create a functional DC motor car without spending too much money. With some attention to detail, you can build a cool, affordable, and efficient DC motor car. Moreover, this project is perfect for DIY enthusiasts. It helps you build a toy car and ensures that it is practical and enjoyable.

Before we get into the details, let’s review the main components you’ll need to assemble your DC Motor BO car.

Arduino is another type of board, UNO(or one which is compatible)
The L298N Motor Driver Module belongs to the L-type family of stepper motors. People consider it one of the best bipolar stepper motor drivers in the world. Additionally, it offers high performance and reliability.
4 DC motors
4 BO wheel (wheels for robotics)
Breadboard
Jumper Wires
9V Battery (any range doesn’t matter as long as it is compatible with the power source of the product)
Body and the Head (thesaurus will come in handy here!)

Let’s dive in and start!

Table of Contents

How Does DC BO Motor Work?

DC motors are electric motors that directly convert DC, i.e., direct current and electrical energy, into mechanical energy. The DC BO Motors principle is very similar to the interaction between magnetic fields and only electric current.

Two major components in a DC motor’s core are the rotor and stator. The rotor is the motor’s turning part, while the stator is the fixed part that facilitates a magnetic field.

Applying DC voltage across the motor’s terminals initiates an electric current within the rotor windings. Subsequently, as the rotor rotates, it traverses the magnetic fields generated by the stator.

The direction and speed of a BO motor’s rotation depend on the electric current’s direction and size. This current flows through the rotor windings, affecting how the motor operates. In doing so, you set the voltage and the current feeding the motor to control the speed and torque levels.

DC motors are very popular today because they work well in many applications. Household appliances, industrial equipment, and robotic systems use them, making them versatile. People use DC motors widely in many electromechanical systems because you can easily adjust their speed and torque.

Required Components to Make DC Motor Car

To build your DC motor car, you’ll need to gather the following essential components:

DC Motor: The DC BO Motor will drive the car’s core, turning electrical power into mechanical power to run the BO wheels. It is important to choose a motor by examining factors like voltage, power output, and RPM to meet the project’s needs.
Power Supply: You must find a good power source for your DC motor. This could be an external battery or a separate power adapter. Make sure to match the voltage and capacity of the DC motor with the power supply you choose. This way, everything will work properly together.
Chassis or Frame: The car’s chassis is like its skeleton, holding everything in place securely, ensuring nothing falls off. The frame holds everything together. You can choose different materials, such as wood, metal, or 3D-printed ones. The selection can be based on personal choice and available resources.
Wheels and Axles: The spindles and axles are key parts of the vehicle’s structure, allowing it to move. Choose durable BO wheels that roll smoothly and are large enough for the base to keep the vehicle stable and easy to handle. Ensure the axles support the car’s weight and everything it carries, including the engine.
Speed Controller: Switching to an electric BO motor and adding an extra one gives you complete control over your car’s speed. Moreover, this electric component helps manage the power going into the motor. As a result, it determines how your car moves.
Speed Control Mechanism: Building a car isn’t enough; you also need a way to control its movement, including speed regulation. This could be useful as a switch on/off or a more advanced potentiometer for variable motors.

When selecting components, consider their compatibility, specifications, and cost. Keep within your INR 10,000 budget.

Step 1: Arduino Connection Through USB Cable

Arduino Uno R3 Development Board provides the necessary cognitive resources to help you think throughout the process. Suppose you wish to drive your automobile in a desired direction in a specified time. In that case, the interface requires a computer as an input. Initially, the computer must have a pre-installed IDE (Integrated Development Environment) like Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) or Arduino Software. You can achieve this by using the official website or a relevant tool. Also, you can easily download the tool by choosing the option from the Arduino menu on the webpage www.arduino.cc.

You can do this by visiting the official website or using a relevant tool. The tool is downloadable by selecting the option from the Arduino menu. You can find this on the webpage www.arduino.cc.

Step 2: Connecting an L298N Motor Driver to the Arduino Uno

Our L298N BO Motor Driver Module is the primary component, facilitating swift and seamless speed or direction changes. This module ensures proper power delivery as a crucial link between the Arduino board and the motors. It helps the engines receive the appropriate power for optimal performance.

Follow these wiring steps to connect the module.

Firstly, place the L298N module on the breadboard. Place the L298N module on the breadboard.
Connect the GND terminal to the ground rail on the breadboard by linking them.
Wire the L298N on the breadboard using the 5V pin to connect it to its 5V rail.
Link the ground pin of the Arduino to the ground rail on the breadboard.
Connect the +V5 pin of the Arduino with the breadboard’s +5V rail.
To control the L298N module, designate digital pins 8 and 9 as IN1 and IN2, respectively. These pins will control the direction of current flow to the motors, determining their movement direction. Additionally, these pins will ensure the motors drive in the selected routes.
The Arduino’s DIO10 and DIO11 pins correspond to the L298N module’s IN3 and IN4, respectively. Additionally, these connections control the BO Motors’ other motor and provide the necessary control signals for its operation.
Attach the positive ends of your DC motors to the OUT1 and OUT2 outlets of the L298N module. Connect the negative insulators of your DC motors to the remaining terminals on the L298N module.
Attach the NEG of your dual shaft motors to the OUT3 and OUT4 pins on the L298N module.

Step 3: Chassis to Build DC Motor Car

Here’s what you need to build a chassis for a DC motor car.

Cardboard
Wooden pieces
LEGO bricks
3D printed parts

The circumferential involute is durable and well-suited for BO motors and Arduino use. Furthermore, it can accommodate additional components you might incorporate into your device. Occasionally, you may need to design spaces to provide visibility for the breadboard and other components.

The last step is assembling the chassis. Then, you can put your DC motors (with BO wheels) in your desired locations. Remember to tie them up strongly.

Step 4: Arduino Programming for DC Motor Car

Now that the hardware setup is complete, let’s transition to programming. First, open the Arduino IDE and start writing some code!

// Define the motor control pins
const int motorPin1A = 8;
const int motorPin1B = 9;
const int motorPin2A = 10;
const int motorPin2B = 11;
void setup() {
  // Set the motor control pins as outputs
  pinMode(motorPin1A, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorPin1B, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorPin2A, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motorPin2B, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
  // Move the car forward
  moveForward();
  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds
  // Stop the car
  stopCar();
  delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
  // Move the car backward
  moveBackward();
  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds
  // Stop the car
  stopCar();
  delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
}
void moveForward() {
  // Set the motor directions for forward motion
  digitalWrite(motorPin1A, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motorPin1B, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motorPin2A, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motorPin2B, LOW);
}
void moveBackward() {
  // Set the motor directions for backward motion
  digitalWrite(motorPin1A, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motorPin1B, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motorPin2A, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motorPin2B, HIGH);
}
void stopCar() {
  // Stop both motors
  digitalWrite(motorPin1A, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motorPin1B, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motorPin2A, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motorPin2B, LOW);
}

This code includes and determines the motor pins as outputs in the setup() function. The `loop()` function considers which action the car has to take.

In this code snippet, we have three main functions: moveForward(), moveBackward(), and stopCar(). These functions help decide the right motor directions and stop the motors when needed. To improve this class, you might also want to add features like turning and speed control. Moreover, you could consider including remote control options to enhance its functionality.

Step 5: Powering Up DC BO Motor Car

To power up your DC car, you can easily interface it with a 9V battery or a similar power source. Connect the battery’s positive terminal to the Arduino’s VIN pin. Subsequently, connect the negative terminal to the GND pin. This setup will activate your DC car.

Certainly, you can opt for a power supply in case of an electricity supply failure. In case of prolonged power cuts, you can use an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) as a backup. It’s ideal for running the air conditioning system during a power outage.

Step 6: Testing DC Motor Car

The final step is to test the car. First, open it up and lay it flat on the table. Then, type the code into the Arduino platform. While it might look easy, the tricky part is following the steps exactly as shown.

When the machines work, you step in to see if everything is moving smoothly; sometimes, you must do something. Secure the wires and make sure they aren’t loose. Ensure all motors are running smoothly and that neither the BO motor wheel nor the chassis tilts to either side.

Not many people know that someone first drove a DC motorized vehicle on a railroad track, not a road.

Testing and Refining the DC Motor Car

Once you assemble your car and set up the controls, including the DC motor, you can check out your creation and see how it performs. Then, let’s evaluate its performance and make any needed improvements.

To start, follow these steps to evaluate its performance and make any necessary refinements:

1. Conducting Initial Test Runs:

First, begin the task on a plane, even a platform, without obstacles.
Keenly observe how the car behaves, noting the pace, level of acceleration, ability to make turns and stability.
Note problems like poor acceleration, traction, or unexpected situations, and inform your coach accordingly.

2. Evaluating Performance and Identifying Areas for Improvement:

Run through the datasets and set of observations from the preliminary runs.
Hieratize the engine speed, acceleration, handling, design goals, and operational performance.
Find out where the car’s performance disappointed, like a low top speed or poor battery life. Also, mention any issues with unstable handling so that a complete review can be provided.

3. Strategies for Optimising the Design

Your analysis can help you decide whether to change something or adjust the components. You can improve the car’s performance by placing parts according to their role.
For instance, you may choose a stronger BO motor, bigger battery, or BO wheel and tire arrangements to increase speed, power, or traction.
Try minor tire or weight distribution modifications to improve the chassis’s accuracy. Adjust the speed regulation knob to enhance the chassis’s agility and performance in various conditions.

4. Exploring Advanced Features (Optional)

Imagine you’re camping with an adventurous spirit. Adding cool features like remote control or automatic navigation to your DC motor car can make things even more exciting. Think about how these features can fit in and make your adventure even better.

Microcontrollers, sensors, and advanced software can boost your car’s features and make it stand out. For example, adding these technologies can improve the car’s performance and give it an edge over other vehicles. This approach makes the car more competitive and highlights its advanced features and unique capabilities.

Remember, it’s all about learning and improving when working on your DC motor car. Facing challenges is part of the process, especially on tough days when things don’t go as planned. It’s okay if things don’t go perfectly on your first try. With patience and the right approach, you’ll overcome these obstacles and progress.

Additional Tips to Consider

Now that you’ve got the basics down, you can take your DC motor car project to the next level with some exciting upgrades. Think about adding new features to make your car even cooler. Start by working on the core elements of your new DC motor car project. Add lights and unique features to make your car stand out and feel special. These enhancements will make your project shine and be truly one-of-a-kind.

Remote Control: Digital technology is rapidly rolling across even the modern car through WI-FI and remote control. The system will send the data quickly to a swap control or smartphone, allowing you to manage the operation easily.
Obstacle Detection: Mount ultrasonic and infrared sensors to reduce speed, eliminate collision threats, and detect accidents.
Line Following: The vehicle follows a line using infrared or color sensors, which help it trace a specific path.
Speed Control: Instead, you may choose a pre-patch or use the PPT (Pulse-width modulation) technique to vary the car’s speed.
Customized Chassis: Create a cool and charming chassis using dual shaft motors. Update it beautifully to give it a fresh look.

Conclusion

Building a DC BO motor car for INR 10,000 is a fun and rewarding project. This guide will show you how to set up Arduino and control your car. You’ll learn how to program and power the car’s movements using the Arduino system. We’ll walk you through connecting everything and getting your car running smoothly, step by step.

A mechanical engineer’s job involves using your knowledge and practical experience to solve problems. This hands-on work helps you see how important it is to design your projects well. You’ll feel a real sense of achievement as you gain skills and successfully bring your designs to life.

Recognize that this project marks the start of a lengthy journey. Stay enthusiastic about prototyping, innovating, and sharing ideas with fellow members.

Don’t wait any longer; let’s start now! Unpack your bag and grab your pencil. Let the creativity from INR 10K help build an amazing car powered by a strong DC motor!